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CLEI 5


Pasado Perfecto (Past Perfect Tense)

El Pasado Perfecto en el idioma inglés es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para referirnos a una acción que tuvo lugar en un momento anterior a otra acción, aunque ambas hayan sucedido en el pasado estableciendo un orden entre ellas, por ejemplo:

The film had finished when she arrived at the cinema.
La película había terminado cuando ella llegó al cine.
(Primera acción: la película había terminado
Segunda acción: ella llegó al cine)


Sarah had prepared dinner when her husband got home.
Sarah había preparado la cena cuando su esposo llegó a casa.
(Primera acción: Sarah había preparado la cena
Segunda acción: su esposo llegó a casa)

Para poder construir la forma afirmativa del Pasado Perfecto debemos utilizar como auxiliar el verbo TO HAVE en Pasado Simple y acompañado por el verbo principal en su Pasado Participio (ya sean verbos regulares o verbos irregulares):

I had bought a new car.Yo había comprado un nuevo auto.
You had cleaned the house.Tú habías limpiado la casa.
He had brought the gifts.Él había traído los regalos.
She had lost the credit card.Ella había perdido la tarjeta de crédito.

Para formar una interrogación deberemos colocar el auxiliar al comienzo de la oración, luego el sujeto y posteriormente el verbo principal también en Pasado Participio:

Had I bought a new car?Había comprado yo un nuevo auto?
Had you cleaned the house?Habías limpiado tú la casa?
Had he brought the gifts?Había traído él los regalos?
Had she lost the credit card?Había perdido ella la tarjeta de crédito?
Por su parte, la forma negativa se construye poniendo la negación NOTentre el auxiliar y el verbo principal, por ejemplo:

I had not bought a new dress.Yo no había comprado un nuevo vestido.
You had not cleaned the house.Tú no habías limpiado la casa.
He had not brought the gifts.Él no había traído los regalos.
She had not lost the credit card.Ella no había perdido la tarjeta de crédito.
También puede utilizarse la forma contraída de la negación colocandoHADN'T en vez de HAD NOT.

Ejercicios: Pasado Perfecto (Past Perfect Tense) 

Sigue ejercitando el Pasado Perfecto colocando en las siguientes oraciones la forma correcta del verbo que se encuentra entre paréntesis. Es importante que luego las reescribas en interrogativo y negativo:


 
  1. Astronauts (fly) ............... through space for hours.

  2. The boys (steal) ............... the bicycles.

  3. They (have) ............... a long and uncomfortable trip.

  4. The beggar (find) ............... five bottles of beer.

  5. He (show) ............... me the content of the parcel.

  6. My sister Ann (begin) ............... her diet a week ago.

  7. She (think) ............... a good idea.

  8. The postman (deliver) ............... my letter.

  9. He (retire) ............... from political life.

  10. Alice (leave) ............... her bag on a chair.
 
  1. She (buy) ............... a new pair of red shoes.

  2. We (have) ............... lunch at a village inn.

  3. He (drink) ............... whisky before dinner.

  4. My sister (lose) ............... U$S 50 in the street.

  5. The children (kick) ............... a ball very hard.

  6. My mother (receive) ............... a letter from Canada.

  7. My father (give) ............... me some money.

  8. Jenny (finish) ............... her job at the office.

  9. They (enjoy) ............... Roy's party.

  10. Pupils (learn) ............... the English lesson.







Presente Continuo


El presente progresivo se utiliza para acontecimientos que están ocurriendo en o en torno a este momento particular en el tiempo, o para indicar que algo es temporal, o para hablar de situaciones que van cambiando, y también para hablar sobre planes en el futuro.
La estructura básica del afirmativo del presente continuo: (somebody=alguien; somewhere-algún sitio; something=algo)
suj
aux
verbo
I
am
eating
something.
Estoy comiendo algo.
You
are
talking
to somebody.
Estas hablando con alguien.
He
is
listening
to something.
Está escuchando algo. (él)
She
is
reading
something.
Está leyendo algo. (ella)
It
is
going
somewhere.
Va a algún sitio.
You
are
looking
at something.
Mirais algo.
We
are
wearing
something.
Llevamos algo puesto.
They
are
sitting
somewhere.
Están sentados en algún sitio.
Nota: Con el presente continuo se utilizan dos verbos: la forma correspondiente del verbo "to be" como verbo auxilar y la forma básica del verbo (el infinitivo) como verbo principal (más "ing").
Nota: Normalmente, simplemente se añade "ing" al verbo para formar el verbo principal (Llamado "presente participio" por unos y forma "-ing" por otros). En los verbos de una sola sílaba que acaban en una vocal y una consonante, se dobla la consonante: "sit" = "sitting". En los verbos que acaban en una vocal, una consonante y "e", se quita la "e" y se reemplaza con "ing": "write" = "writing", "rate" = "rating", "like" = "liking".
La estructura básica del negativo del presente continuo:
suj
aux
verbo
I
am
not
eating
something.
No estoy comiendo algo.
You
are
not
talking
to somebody.
No estas hablando con alguien.
He
is
not
listening
to something.
No está escuchando algo. (él)
She
is
not
reading
something.
No está leyendo algo. (ella)
It
is
not
going
somewhere.
No va a algún sitio.
You
are
not
looking
at something.
No mirais algo.
We
are
not
wearing
something.
No llevamos algo puesto.
They
are
not
sitting
somewhere.
No están sentados en algún sitio.
Nota: Contracciones: Se suele contraer "It is" con "it's", "it is not" con "it's not" o "it isn't", "you are" con "you're", "we are not" con "we're not" o "we aren't", "that is" con "that's", "that is not" con "that's not" o "that isn't", etc. (Nota: "I am not" solamente se contrae con "I'm not").
La estructura básica del interrogativo del presente continuo: (anywhere = alguna o cualquier parte, anybody = cualquiera, alguien, anything = cualquier cosa, algo)
aux
suj
verbo
Am
I
eating
something?
¿Estoy comiendo algo?
Are
you
talking
to somebody?
¿Estas hablando con alguien?
Is
he
listening
to something?
¿Está escuchando algo? (él)
Is
she
reading
something?
¿Está leyendo algo? (ella)
Is
it
going
somewhere?
¿Va a algún sitio?
Are
you
looking
at something?
¿Mirais algo?
Are
we
wearing
something?
¿Llevamos algo puesto?
Are
they
sitting
somewhere?
¿Están sentados en algún sitio?
Nota: La palabra "some" y "any" a veces significan lo mismo. La principal diferencia es que "some" se suele utilizar para afirmativas y "any" para negativas y interrogativas.
Nota: En el presente continuo interrogativo simplemente se intercambia el verbo "to be" con el sujeto para hacer la pregunta.

La estructura básica de las respuestas cortas del presente continuo (e iguales a las del verbo "to be"):
Af.
Neg.
Yes,
I am.
No,
I'm not.
Yes,
you are.
No,
you aren't. (you're not)
Yes,
he is.
No,
he isn't. (he's not)
Yes,
she is.
No,
she isn't. (she's not)
Yes,
it is.
No,
it isn't. (it's not)
Yes,
we are.
No,
we aren't. (we're not)
Yes,
you are.
No,
you aren't. (you're not)
Yes,
they are.
No,
they aren't. (they're not)


Ejercicios de presente continuo – Present Continuous tense Exercices

Using the Present Continuous tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
He _________ hard. (to work)
He is working hard.

We ____________ anxious. (to feel)
We are feeling anxious.

1. I _______________ the questions. (to answer)
2. You ________________ boots. (to wear)
3. We ______________ for work. (to look)
4. She ______________ her friend. (to call)
5. He _______________ a house. (to build)
6. They _______________ supper. (to cook)
7. We ______________ a story. (to tell)
8. You ______________ for the bus. (to wait)
9. I _______________ a book. (to read)
10.
They _______________ berries. (to pick)
Answers
Iregular Verbs List

Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle Spanish
arise arose arisen surgir
be was / were been ser
beat beat beaten golpear
become became become convertirse
begin
began begun
comenzar
bet bet/betted bet/betted apostar
bite bit bitten morder
bleed bled bled sangrar
blow blew blown soplar
break broke broken romper
bring brought brought traer
build built built construir
buy bought bought comprar
catch caught caught atrapar
choose chose chosen elegir
come came come venir
cost cost cost costar
creep crept crept arrastrarse
cut
cut cut
cortar
deal dealt dealt dar, repartir
do did done hacer
draw drew drawn dibujar
dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed soñar
drink drank drunk beber
drive drove driven conducir
eat ate eaten comer
fall fell fallen caer
feed fed fed alimentar
feel felt felt sentir
fight fought fought pelear
find found found encontrar
flee fled fled huir
fly flew flown volar
forget forgot forgotten olvidar
forgive forgave forgiven perdonar
forsake forsook forsaken abandonar
freeze froze frozen congelar
get got got tener, obtener
give gave given dar
go went gone ir
grind ground ground moler
grow grew grown crecer
hang hung hung colgar
have had had tener
hear heard heard oír
hide hid hidden esconderse
hit hit hit golpear
hold held held tener, mantener
hurt hurt hurt herir, doler
keep kept kept guardar
kneel knelt knelt arrodillarse
know knew known saber
lead led led encabezar
learn learnt/learned learnt/learned aprender
leave left left dejar
lend lent lent prestar
let let let dejar
lie lay lain yacer
lose lost lost perder
make made made hacer
mean meant meant significar
meet met met conocer, encontrar
pay paid paid pagar
put put put poner
quit quit/quitted quit/quitted abandonar
read read read leer
ride rode ridden montar, ir
ring rang rung llamar por teléfono
rise rose risen elevar
run ran run correr
say said said decir
see saw seen ver
sell sold sold vender
send sent sent enviar
set set set fijar
sew sewed sewn/sewed coser
shake shook shaken sacudir
shine shone shone brillar
shoot shot shot disparar
show showed shown/showed mostrar
shrink shrank/shrunk shrunk encoger
shut shut shut cerrar
sing sang sung cantar
sink sank sunk hundir
sit sat sat sentarse
sleep slept slept dormir
slide slid slid deslizar
sow sowed sown/sowed sembrar
speak spoke spoken hablar
spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled deletrear
spend spent spent gastar
spill spilt/spilled spilt/spilled derramar
split split split partir
spoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiled estropear
spread spread spread extenderse
stand stood stood estar de pie
steal stole stolen robar
sting stung stung picar
stink stank/stunk stunk apestar
strike struck struck golpear
swear swore sworn jurar
sweep swept swept barrer
swim swam swum nadar
take took taken tomar
teach taught taught enseñar
tear tore torn romper
tell told told decir
think thought thought pensar
throw threw thrown lanzar
tread trode trodden/trod pisar
understand understood understood entender
wake woke woken despertarse
wear wore worn llevar puesto
weave wove woven tejer
weep wept wept llorar
win won won ganar
wring wrung wrung retorcer
write wrote written escribir


Regular Verbs List

There are thousands of regular verbs in English. This is a list of 600 of the more common regular verbs. Note that there are some spelling variations in American English (for example, "practise" becomes "practice" in American English).

  • accept
  • add
  • admire
  • admit
  • advise
  • afford
  • agree
  • alert
  • allow
  • amuse
  • analyse
  • announce
  • annoy
  • answer
  • apologise
  • appear
  • applaud
  • appreciate
  • approve
  • argue
  • arrange
  • arrest
  • arrive
  • ask
  • attach
  • attack
  • attempt
  • attend
  • attract
  • avoid


  • back
  • bake
  • balance
  • ban
  • bang
  • bare
  • bat
  • bathe
  • battle
  • beam
  • beg
  • behave
  • belong
  • bleach
  • bless
  • blind
  • blink
  • blot
  • blush
  • boast
  • boil
  • bolt
  • bomb
  • book
  • bore
  • borrow
  • bounce
  • bow
  • box
  • brake
  • branch
  • breathe
  • bruise
  • brush
  • bubble
  • bump
  • burn
  • bury
  • buzz


  • calculate
  • call
  • camp
  • care
  • carry
  • carve
  • cause
  • challenge
  • change
  • charge
  • chase
  • cheat
  • check
  • cheer
  • chew
  • choke
  • chop
  • claim
  • clap
  • clean
  • clear
  • clip
  • close
  • coach
  • coil
  • collect
  • colour
  • comb
  • command
  • communicate
  • compare
  • compete
  • complain
  • complete
  • concentrate
  • concern
  • confess
  • confuse
  • connect
  • consider
  • consist
  • contain
  • continue
  • copy
  • correct
  • cough
  • count
  • cover
  • crack
  • crash
  • crawl
  • cross
  • crush
  • cry
  • cure
  • curl
  • curve
  • cycle


  • dam
  • damage
  • dance
  • dare
  • decay
  • deceive
  • decide
  • decorate
  • delay
  • delight
  • deliver
  • depend
  • describe
  • desert
  • deserve
  • destroy
  • detect
  • develop
  • disagree
  • disappear
  • disapprove
  • disarm
  • discover
  • dislike
  • divide
  • double
  • doubt
  • drag
  • drain
  • dream
  • dress
  • drip
  • drop
  • drown
  • drum
  • dry
  • dust


  • earn
  • educate
  • embarrass
  • employ
  • empty
  • encourage
  • end
  • enjoy
  • enter
  • entertain
  • escape
  • examine
  • excite
  • excuse
  • exercise
  • exist
  • expand
  • expect
  • explain
  • explode
  • extend


  • face
  • fade
  • fail
  • fancy
  • fasten
  • fax
  • fear
  • fence
  • fetch
  • file
  • fill
  • film
  • fire
  • fit
  • fix
  • flap
  • flash
  • float
  • flood
  • flow
  • flower
  • fold
  • follow
  • fool
  • force
  • form
  • found
  • frame
  • frighten
  • fry


  • gather
  • gaze
  • glow
  • glue
  • grab
  • grate
  • grease
  • greet
  • grin
  • grip
  • groan
  • guarantee
  • guard
  • guess
  • guide


  • hammer
  • hand
  • handle
  • hang
  • happen
  • harass
  • harm
  • hate
  • haunt
  • head
  • heal
  • heap
  • heat
  • help
  • hook
  • hop
  • hope
  • hover
  • hug
  • hum
  • hunt
  • hurry


  • identify
  • ignore
  • imagine
  • impress
  • improve
  • include
  • increase
  • influence
  • inform
  • inject
  • injure
  • instruct
  • intend
  • interest
  • interfere
  • interrupt
  • introduce
  • invent
  • invite
  • irritate
  • itch


  • jail
  • jam
  • jog
  • join
  • joke
  • judge
  • juggle
  • jump


  • kick
  • kill
  • kiss
  • kneel
  • knit
  • knock
  • knot


  • label
  • land
  • last
  • laugh
  • launch
  • learn
  • level
  • license
  • lick
  • lie
  • lighten
  • like
  • list
  • listen
  • live
  • load
  • lock
  • long
  • look
  • love


  • man
  • manage
  • march
  • mark
  • marry
  • match
  • mate
  • matter
  • measure
  • meddle
  • melt
  • memorise
  • mend
  • mess up
  • milk
  • mine
  • miss
  • mix
  • moan
  • moor
  • mourn
  • move
  • muddle
  • mug
  • multiply
  • murder


  • nail
  • name
  • need
  • nest
  • nod
  • note
  • notice
  • number


  • obey
  • object
  • observe
  • obtain
  • occur
  • offend
  • offer
  • open
  • order
  • overflow
  • owe
  • own


  • pack
  • paddle
  • paint
  • park
  • part
  • pass
  • paste
  • pat
  • pause
  • peck
  • pedal
  • peel
  • peep
  • perform
  • permit
  • phone
  • pick
  • pinch
  • pine
  • place
  • plan
  • plant
  • play
  • please
  • plug
  • point
  • poke
  • polish
  • pop
  • possess
  • post
  • pour
  • practise
  • pray
  • preach
  • precede
  • prefer
  • prepare
  • present
  • preserve
  • press
  • pretend
  • prevent
  • prick
  • print
  • produce
  • program
  • promise
  • protect
  • provide
  • pull
  • pump
  • punch
  • puncture
  • punish
  • push


  • question
  • queue


  • race
  • radiate
  • rain
  • raise
  • reach
  • realise
  • receive
  • recognise
  • record
  • reduce
  • reflect
  • refuse
  • regret
  • reign
  • reject
  • rejoice
  • relax
  • release
  • rely
  • remain
  • remember
  • remind
  • remove
  • repair
  • repeat
  • replace
  • reply
  • report
  • reproduce
  • request
  • rescue
  • retire
  • return
  • rhyme
  • rinse
  • risk
  • rob
  • rock
  • roll
  • rot
  • rub
  • ruin
  • rule
  • rush


  • sack
  • sail
  • satisfy
  • save
  • saw
  • scare
  • scatter
  • scold
  • scorch
  • scrape
  • scratch
  • scream
  • screw
  • scribble
  • scrub
  • seal
  • search
  • separate
  • serve
  • settle
  • shade
  • share
  • shave
  • shelter
  • shiver
  • shock
  • shop
  • shrug
  • sigh
  • sign
  • signal
  • sin
  • sip
  • ski
  • skip
  • slap
  • slip
  • slow
  • smash
  • smell
  • smile
  • smoke
  • snatch
  • sneeze
  • sniff
  • snore
  • snow
  • soak
  • soothe
  • sound
  • spare
  • spark
  • sparkle
  • spell
  • spill
  • spoil
  • spot
  • spray
  • sprout
  • squash
  • squeak
  • squeal
  • squeeze
  • stain
  • stamp
  • stare
  • start
  • stay
  • steer
  • step
  • stir
  • stitch
  • stop
  • store
  • strap
  • strengthen
  • stretch
  • strip
  • stroke
  • stuff
  • subtract
  • succeed
  • suck
  • suffer
  • suggest
  • suit
  • supply
  • support
  • suppose
  • surprise
  • surround
  • suspect
  • suspend
  • switch


  • talk
  • tame
  • tap
  • taste
  • tease
  • telephone
  • tempt
  • terrify
  • test
  • thank
  • thaw
  • tick
  • tickle
  • tie
  • time
  • tip
  • tire
  • touch
  • tour
  • tow
  • trace
  • trade
  • train
  • transport
  • trap
  • travel
  • treat
  • tremble
  • trick
  • trip
  • trot
  • trouble
  • trust
  • try
  • tug
  • tumble
  • turn
  • twist
  • type


  • undress
  • unfasten
  • unite
  • unlock
  • unpack
  • untidy
  • use


  • vanish
  • visit


  • wail
  • wait
  • walk
  • wander
  • want
  • warm
  • warn
  • wash
  • waste
  • watch
  • water
  • wave
  • weigh
  • welcome
  • whine
  • whip
  • whirl
  • whisper
  • whistle
  • wink
  • wipe
  • wish
  • wobble
  • wonder
  • work
  • worry
  • wrap
  • wreck
  • wrestle
  • wriggle


BOY SCOUTING 
1.       The boy scouts of America is a youth program whose make objective is to prepare people to make ethical and responsible decisions in their future lives. Venturing is a program of the Boy scouts for men and women who are between 14 and 20 years old. The program offers a great variety of activities such as high adventure challenges, sports and hobbies. It gives opportunities to learn and grow in a fun environment. Trevor Benson works for this program and at the moment is planning three field trips for students who belong to the venturing group.

The first one is in the Florida Sea Base. In this base students practice a variety of water sports including snorkeling. Scuba, boating and beach camping among many others. The-second one, The Northern Tier, takes students to Minnesota and Southern Canada, There, teenagers have the opportunity for canoeing, rafting, fishing, and winter camping. Finally, the Boy Scouts of America has a third option for people who enjoy the New Mexico wilderness. This program takes students to the Philmont scout  Ranch and offers teenagers activities such as cavalcades, horseback riding, rock climbing, mountain biking and rifle shouting


*      Underline the correct option. If false support your answer in your notebook
1.       Venturing is a program that prepares young people to work.                 True     False
2.       Venturing is for people under 14 years old.                                             True     False
3.       The three options mentioned above offer a variety of sports.                 True     False
4.       The second option takes students to the USA and Canada.                    True     False
5.       The last option takes students to Mexico.                                               True     False
2.       Answer the questions in your notebook. Use complete sentences.
1.       What does Trevor Benson do?
2.       What do people do at the Philmont Ranch?
3.       Which of the three options would you choose? Why?


1b
1.       Listen to the first part of the conversation and complete the sentences.

Tricia and Greg are giving a report about scouting
Greg: Boy Scouting is a program for boys between 11 to 17 is designed to achieve the _______________ of Scouting through a vigorous outdoor program and group _____________ with the counsel of an adult Scoutmaster.
Tricia: the scouting program is divided into different groups according to age. Tiger Cubs is for boys who are 7 years old. The program ______________ leadership, learning, about community and family. The second program is the Cub Scouts. This program ____________ ethical decision making skills for boys from second to fifth grade. The activities ____________  character development, begin a citizen and personal fitness.
*      Listen to the second part and choose the correct answer.
1.       The scouting program is divided into groups according to
a.       Grade                                                               b. age                                   c. a teacher’s opinion
2.       Venturing is a program for people between
a.       11 to 17 years                                 b. 14 to 20 years              c. 17 to 17 years
3.       Varsity program develops
a.       Personal fitness                            b. leadership skills          c. personal skills
1.       Complete sentences with the appropriate form of the verb in parenthesis.
Laura ______ (work) at a travel agency. Every day she ________________ (wake up) very early, she _________________ (catch) the train and _____________ (get) to her office around 8:30 a.m. Laura and her boss, Thomas _____________ (spend) long hours working.
They both ___________ (attend) many customers, _______________ (make) several phone calls, ___________ (e-mail) messages and most important, _____________ (produce) a lot of money for the company. They both enjoy their jobs.

1c
1.       Listen to the conversation and complete the sentences.
1.       The person who is calling is. _______________________________________
2.       They are talking about. ___________________________________________
3.       The students are going to. _________________________________________
4.       Parents don’t have to pay the full amount. They can pay by. ______________________________________________________________
5.       The trip lasts. ___________________________________________________


2.       Complete the questions with the words from the box.
(does    -    do    -    is     -     are)
1.       ___________________ Gabriel García Márquez a writer?
2.       ___________________ your friends take the bus to go to school?
3.       Where _____________ your mother work?
4.       When and where _________________ you do your homework?
5.       ________________ people in your city taking part in politics?

3.       Read each sentence, find a mistake and correct it.
1.       Gabriel García Márquez doesn’t lives in Clombia.    ____________________________
2.       My friends doesn’t take the bus to go to school.    ____________________________
3.       Do your family eat dinner together?                             ____________________________
4.       Is people in your city working from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.____________________________

sen@res disculpen la demora es que estuve muy ocupado. mil gracias por su espera.

RIO APARTADÓ-CARACOLÍ

RIO APARTADÓ-CARACOLÍ
APARTADÓ

THIS A PICTURE OF APARTADÓ RIVER

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